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CND's automated services include CND-moderated newsgroups and LISTSERV mail lists. To read CND publications via newsgroups is simple: just make sure that you have access to them via your local or a remote host on the internet. (You may click on the name of the corresponding newsgroups in the following to take a look at them.)
We strongly recommend that you read CND via usenet newsgroups, this will help to reduce the network E-mail load. However, CND has NO control over whether a particular news server carries CND-sponsored newsgroups or not. If the yours doesn't, tell your system administrator how popular CND is and how badly you need her.
To subscribe to or to sign off from any of CND's automatic mail services, you must send the specified command (see below) via e-mail to the appropriate list server (LISTSERV) address. Leave the subject line of the mail message empty; the command should be on one line; do not write anything else in the message. Your request will not be read; it will be processed by a program.
For example, to subscribe to CND-Global service (for readers outside Canada), send a message to the "Address" which is LISTSERV@ASUACAD.BITNET or LISTSERV@ASUVM.INRE.ASU.EDU with the content of the message being "SUB CHINA-NN Firstname Lastname" which is the command to subscribe.
If your LISTSERV subscription commands are successful, you will receive some messages from the LISTSERV indicating the fact.
One of the messages will say that you have the option to "SET CONCEAL" your subscription. DON'T DO IT! Setting your subscription as concealed causes problem with our list maintaining software which may cause your subscription to be dropped from our lists at random times. Your privacy is well-preserved since we do not allow the public to review our lists.
The following is a list of methods you can use to subscribe the specified CND service(s).
You will receive both CND-Canada and CND-Global once you subscribe to CND-Canada, so it is normally unnecessary to subcribe to CND-Global seperately.
NOTE: The last two newsgroups are NOT moderated by CND, so there may be tons of unrelated messages posted by users from all over the world
If you are not familiar with any of these Chinese coding regimes and formats, please refer to the section "What Do I Need to Read the CND Chinese Magazine ~{《华夏文摘》~} (Hua Xia Wen Zhai)?" for more information.
Besides CND-moderated mail lists, CND also helps maintain several other mail lists:
yjj@sirius.ctr.columbia.edu,
net-cord@ifcss.org
xiaofei@acsu.buffalo.edu and
ding@library.uta.edu
NOTE: CND is NOT related to these lists and their respective sponsors in any other way. If you have a question about these lists which has not been answered in this file, please contact the person/institution listed at the end of each line.
If you have followed the instructions above but can not subscribe/signoff successfully, please refer to the section "How to Get Further Help."
CND has the largest electronic mail list in the world, with more than 40,000 direct subscribers. We would very much appreciate your effort to kindly help us minimize the burden in list maintainence and reduce E-mail network traffic by paying attention to the following points:
Please be reminded that it is YOUR responsibility to SIGN ON (subscribe to) and/or SIGN OFF (unsubscribe) various CND mailing lists - we did NOT and do NOT add you to our mail lists; i.e., you have to subscribe yourself or someone else had subscribed for your/under your E-mail address (See later part of this message for details). This not only reduces the burden of CND's already busy volunteer mail list maintainer, but also ensures the technical health of CND's mailing lists, thus helps all readers.
Tip: When you are signing off from a CND moderated mail list, but not sure which list server is providing the service for your subscription, you should check the "From" line of the CND packages you received. It will help you determine WHICH list server you should send your sign-off request to.
If you are still unable to sign off yourself after going through the above, please read the section "How to Get Further Help."
All CND publications can be retrieved by FTP, Gopher, or WWW. Most recent publications and some special packages can also be retrieved from LISTSERVs.
1. Obtaining Back Issues files via Anonymous FTP, Gopher, or WWW
All CND current and back issues are available on our anonymous FTP, gopher and WWW (World-Wide Web) servers. The server addresses are listed in "Anonymous FTP, Gopher, and WWW Servers."
For FTP retrieval, you can find CND publications in the following directories:
The FTP/Gopher sites also provide a PostScript version of the Chinese Magazine ~{《华夏文摘》~} (HXWZ) that may contain pictures that are not available from the standard GB version. (Meanwhile, some pictures may be retriviable in GIF or JPEG format; please see the announcement in the relavent HXWZ issue.) The PS version of the current issue is stored under /pub/hxwz/PS-NEW/; that of most recent issues is stored under /pub/hxwz/PS-OLD (note the capital letters).
What is more, an HTML version of the Chinese Magazine ~{《华夏文摘》~} (HXWZ) is provided on WWW only. In addition to possible pictures and sound that are not available in the standard version, the HTML version provides the facility for readers to skip sections to read only what they want to read. The HTML version can be accessed from /HXWZ/.
2. Obtaining Back Issues from LISTSERV Archives
Most recent issues of CND publications are archived weekly by some of the list servers. If you don't have FTP, gopher and WWW, or if you prefer to receive CND back issues by E-mail, you can send a GET command to the appropriate list server addresses. The general format of the command is:
GET Listname LOG yymmw
where yy is the year, mm is the month, while w is a letter from A to E denoting the week. As an example, if you wish to retrieve the Chinese magazine ~{《华夏文摘》~} (Hua Xia Wen Zhai) published in the second week of August, 1991, you may send the command
GET CCMAN-L LOG9108B
to
LISTSERV@UGA.BITNET or
LISTSERV@UGA.UGA.EDU
The following is the list of "Listnames" you should use in your command:
CND Service Listname Address
============== ========== =========================
CND-Global CHINA-NN LISTSERV@ASUACAD.BITNET or
LISTSERV@ASUVM.INRE.ASU.EDU
CND-US CHINA-ND LISTSERV@KENTVM.BITNET or
LISTSERV@KENTVM.KENT.EDU
CND-EP CND-EP LISTSERV@IUBVM.BITNET or
LISTSERV@IUBVM.UCS.INDIANA.EDU
HuaXiaWenZhai CCMAN-L LISTSERV@UGA.BITNET or
~{《华夏文摘》~} LISTSERV@UGA.UGA.EDU
CND-Canada (Archive not available from LISTSERV)
If you are not able to send mail to BITNET addresses, use the Internet addresses given above.
3. Obtaining Special Packages from LISTSERV Archives
Some of the back issues are put together and may be retrieved as packages from LISTSERV (Click here to see a catalogue). To get a most up-to-date list of such packages, send command
INDEX CHINA-ND
to
LISTSERV@KENTVM.BITNET or
LISTSERV@KENTVM.KENT.EDU
You may retrieve any of these packages by sending a GET command to
LISTSERV@KENTVM.BITNET or
LISTSERV@KENTVM.KENT.EDU
The general format of the command is
GET {package_name} PACKAGE
As an example, if you wish to retrieve the package named CHINA, the command would be
GET CHINA PACKAGE
If you wish to have a broader understanding of how the LISTSERV services work, you may send command
HELP
to any LISTSERV address.
FTP (File Transfer Prototype), gopher, and WWW (World Wide Web) are the only ways to access our InfoBase service (except for the "special packages") and the PostScript and HTML versions of our Chinese Magazine (HXWZ), besides being an alternative way to retrieve CND back issues.
The official FTP site for CND is ftp.cnd.org (IP address: 132.249.229.100). The following commands are used to connect you to ftp.cnd.org via anonymous FTP:
ftp ftp.cnd.org
login: anonymous
password: {your_email_address}
(After you successfully log in)
ftp: cd /pub
(Then you can use dir command to find out sub directories/files).
Here are a few more useful FTP commands:
dircd {directory name}get {filename}binary bin."
[Click to learn more about anonymous FTP.]
The official Gopher site is currently cnd.org [IP: 132.249.229.100].
Gopher is easier to use than FTP because it uses a lot of menus instead of requiring the user to type commands. It also uses less network resources because your local machine and our server is disconnected in idle time. You need a Gopher client installed on your local system in order to use our Gopher service. A Gopher client is usually invoked by typing "gopher" under the system prompt. Type "gopher cnd.org" to get connected to CND, then follow the menu prompts.
The official WWW site is currently / [IP: 149.159.2.47];
Note: WWW.cnd.org, NOT CND.ORGreaders in Canada may use http://canada.cnd.org:8000/ [IP:142.132.12.100].
Note: You must use port 8000; that is, you must type http://canada.cnd.org:8000/ instead of http://canada.cnd.org/.
When you read this message, you must have already known how much easier (and perhaps more pleasant) it is to use WWW rather than FTP. WWW also uses less network resources because your local machine and our server is disconnected in idle time.
You need a WWW tool installed on your local system in order to use our WWW service. Lynx, Mosaic, and Netscape, usually invoked by typing respectively "lynx," "mosaic," and "netscape" under the system prompt, are among the most commonly used tools. Type "lynx /," for example, to get connected to CND if you use the text-only interface Lynx.
FTP and other utility programs may vary from system to system. Please consult your local system resource people for more specific help, especially if your machine is not running UNIX.
Note that some of the files you get from these servers are compressed (with filename extensions ".z", ".Z",
".gz", or ".zip"). In a UNIX system, you may
uncompress those with suffices ".z" and ".Z"
by typing "compress -d {filename}"
or "uncompress {filename}" (without the quotation marks). Those with suffix ".gz" can be uncompressed by "gunzip {filename};" and those with suffix ".zip" can be uncompressed by "unzip {filename}."
TIP: Ask your system manager to install them for you if gunzip and unzip programs are not found on your system.
Some of the files (with filename extension ".tar") are UNIX "tape archives" of multiple files. Use the command "tar
-xvf {filename}" to extract individual files if you use UNIX.
If you have any questions and/or suggestions regarding these services, please send E-mail to CND's InfoBase Group (cnd-ib@cnd.org).
If you fail to sign off an automated mail list, check the points listed in the section "Your Basic Responsibilities (Sign On/Off, Submit Articles etc.)" before sending a request. If you still need our help after all the efforts, here are a few tips to help you and us to solve the problem:
If you have further questions after carefully reading this page and
following relevant instructions, we will be happy to help you when
our time permits. Please direct your questions to CND Reader's Service
at:
Please understand that our VOLUNTEER helpers are exteremely busy and may not be able to respond to you in short time or write much personalized resplies to you. If you have receievd some standard replies to some general questions, please carefully read them -- in most cases, the answer(s) to your question(s) can be found in those replies.Once again, please be reminded that all CND mail lists are moderated. NEVER send mails to any of our mail lists. Do NOT use the "reply" feature of your E-mail system to send any message when reading our automatically distributed mails because your "reply" will be attempted to be sent to the mail list.
Tip: Send subscription/sign-off requests and other LISTSERV commands to a LISTSERV; send contributions to appropriate editorial boards as listed below; send administrative correspondence to the Manager at CND-Manager@CND.ORG; and send technical correspondence to the technical service center at CND-Help@CND.ORG.
We are geographically scattered all over the world, but we can be reached at relatively centralized addresses on the computer network. Here is a list of useful addresses you may use to reach us.
cnd-help@cnd.org
(for requests of special technical help)
webmaster@cnd.org
(for questions and suggestions about our WWW service)